Corydalis flavula (Yellow corydalis)

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Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC.

Yellow corydalis, yellow fumewort, yellow harlequin

Kingdom	Plantae	Plants, but not fungi, lichens, or algae
Subkingdom	Tracheobionta	Vascular plants—plants with a “circulatory system” for delivering water and nutrients
Division	Magnoliophyta	Flowering plants, also known as angiosperms
Class	Magnoliopsida	Dicotyledons—plants with two initial seed leaves
Subclass	Magnoliidae	Includes magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, and many others
Order	Papaverales	A group that includes buttercups and other poisonous plants
Family	Fumariaceae	Fumitory, fumewort, or bleeding-heart family
Genus	Corydalis	Means “crested lark”
Species	flavula	Yellow fumewort

About plant names...

Yellow fumewort is native to North America.

Identification: Plants are up to 12" (30 cm) tall, with one or more emerging from a single taproot. Stems have angled sides and a reddish tint. Leaves are alternate, and finely divided. Flowers are in racemes (groups) up to 3" (8 cm) in size. Individual flowers are yellow, tubular, about ¾" (1.9 cm) long, opening at the end with serrated upper and lower petals and two smooth central petals. There is a spur on the back of each flower. They appear in April and May. Fruits are silques, like small bean pods, up to 1" (2.5 cm) long, turning dark red.

Online References:

Southeastern Flora, the Southeastern U.S. Plant Identification Resource

Missouriplants.com

The Connecticut Botanical Society's Connecticut wildflowers site

2bnTheWild.com

Ontario Wildflowers

EFloras